Diet for pancreatitis

Pancreatitis is a disease in which the pancreas becomes inflamed. It plays a huge role in the digestive system - it regulates energy metabolism, synthesizes digestive juices, and is responsible for breaking down carbohydrates.

Enzymes first get to the stomach and then to the duodenum, where they start to activate. When the pancreas is inflamed, enzymes start to "work" early - that is, before they are excreted. Damage occurs - the gland begins to digest itself, which leads to the death of some cells in the pancreas.

Signs and symptoms of pancreatitis

Pancreatitis can be caused by:

  • Infectious diseases unrelated to the digestive system - for example, seasonal ARVI;
  • diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
  • unhealthy diet;
  • stress;
  • Alcohol abuse.

Pancreatitis can come in different forms - acute, reactive, and chronic. In acute diseases, the pancreas can become inflamed in whole or in part, the reactive one develops against the background of diseases of the digestive system - gastric and duodenal ulcer, gallbladder or liver.

The chronic form can be in remission for a long time, and most often the disease progresses slowly. In most cases, inflammation returns when the diet is disturbed.

The type of diet in pancreatic pancreatitis plays a huge role - it is impossible to prevent an exacerbation without following a special diet. What are these diets and what are the principles of the menu for pancreatitis?

Nutritional principles for pancreatic inflammation

The main principle that is established when creating a diet that normalizes the work of the pancreas is to keep the load on the digestive organ as low as possible.

For adults during an exacerbation, doctors give the following recommendations: "hunger, cold and rest". If the patient is in the hospital and the pancreatitis is in the acute stage, he is recommended to refuse food for 2-3 days, and useful substances - salts and liquids - get into the body drops. If you starve to death at home, it is impossible to fully maintain water and electrolyte levels. You should and can drink, but only in small portions.

Adults also need to replenish their nutrient reserves. Specially developed diets help. The most "proven" of them is Table 5.

Principles of this diet:

  • to create the gentlest conditions for the stomach and intestines - through mechanical and chemical unloading;
  • eliminate pancreatic dysfunction;
  • to prevent negative changes in liver tissue - fat infiltration;
  • reduces the excitability of the gallbladder.

The diet should not only be adhered to during treatment of the disease, but also for an additional year after remission.

The main properties of nutrition in the treatment of pancreatitis:

Adherence to a diet for pancreatitis
  • In the daily menu of the day, you should limit the number of products that contain substances with an extractive effect that stimulate the production of pancreatic enzymes:
    1. refractory fats;
    2. Purines
    3. ;
    4. essential oils;
    5. cholesterol;
    6. coarse fiber;
    7. glucose.
  • Diet - foods high in protein reduce the amount of carbohydrates and fats.
  • Cooking technology - cooking, steam dishes, baking in foil, braising.
  • Food fractionated - up to 6 times a day in small portions. You have to get up from the table with a slight feeling of malnutrition so as not to overload the pancreas.
  • The first time after an exacerbation, you can only eat pureed foods.
  • Spices - including salt - must be temporarily abandoned.
  • You should not eat hot or cold food, the food should be heated to a body temperature of around 36 ° C.

Restricted drinking regime. You can only drink as much as you want after the urge to vomit has completely subsided.

Don't be afraid of dietary restrictions in the first few days after an attack - fasting during treatment only makes sense.

Diet menu for pancreatitis

When compiling a menu for several days with an exacerbation of pancreatitis, you need to immediately take into account its features - the products need to be grated. For example, if meat is soufflé or meatballs, potatoes are mashed potatoes, etc.

Menus consist of the following products - an approximate list of them:

  • Baby food - you can use what is packaged in jars as well as the powder that will later be diluted with liquid.
  • Mashed potatoes made from cauliflower or white cabbage;
  • pureed cottage cheese.

The nutrient proportions in the daily menu - fat - 50-70 g, proteins - 130-150 g, carbohydrates - 300-320 g.

Approximately 2-4 days after the exacerbation, the nausea will go away and the body needs to restore fluid levels. You need to drink about 1. 5 liters of water a day in small sips and one glass every 6 hours. After the pain is eliminated, gradually more "heavy" dishes are added to the diet, a name for each meal.

From now on - around the 4th day - the menu will contain the following dishes and products:

  • Kefir - only low in fat;
  • chicken breast broth;
  • protein omelette;
  • juices made from non-sour berries diluted with half water;
  • rose hip boil;
  • up to 30 g of honey per day;
  • dried whole grain bread;
  • unsweetened crackers or cookies;
  • cooked pasta - you cannot use pasta or curls. Small vermicelli should be preferred.
  • porridge is rubbed through a sieve, with pancreatitis you can cook it from buckwheat, oatmeal (some nutritionists allow eating semolina, but it must be fully cooked so that it does not swell in the stomach).

You can eat the following foods:

  • lean meat - chicken breast, beef, rabbit;
  • fish - cooked, but you can only use meat, fish soup and other soups in fish broth;
  • fruits - baked or blanched;
  • meat broth - secondary;
  • pureed vegetables - broccoli, cauliflower, pumpkin.

The type of diet for pancreatitis depends on the general condition of the patient.

How nutrition patterns change in pancreatitis

An approximate diet menu for the first few days after chronic pancreatitis worsens is as follows:

Dietary rules for pancreatitis

1 day:

  • Breakfast - half a serving of slimy oatmeal soup and half a glass of still mineral water;
  • Snack - baked apple without peel and sugar;
  • Lunch - mashed potatoes - also half a portion - with milk, without spices;
  • afternoon tea - jelly and rusk flour;
  • dinner - buckwheat porridge with weak tea, bleached milk;
  • Bedtime - some milk diluted with water.

Day 2:

  • Breakfast - steamed protein omelette, chamomile broth;
  • Snack - baked pear;
  • Lunch - pearl barley soup, grated on water, crouton with compote;
  • afternoon tea - milk soufflé;
  • dinner - semolina, pureed dried fruits, weak tea;
  • Bedtime - half a glass of rose hip broth.

In addition, the diet can be weakened slightly - when the condition has returned to normal:

  • Breakfast - oatmeal with dried fruits, preferably with raisins, rose hip broth;
  • Snack - raw banana;
  • lunch - steamed fish with carrot puree, dried fruit compote;
  • afternoon tea - cottage cheese seasoned with honey;
  • dinner - rice pudding with weak tea;
  • Bedtime - half a glass of diluted milk.

A diet for chronic pancreatitis, when the condition has returned to normal, can look like this - an example of a daily menu:

  • Breakfast - vegetable puree, a piece of meat soufflé, juice diluted with water, weak tea;
  • Snack - protein omelet, steamed chicken breast chop, a slice of dried bread, kefir;
  • Lunch - small noodles in chicken breast broth, boiled vegetables with a piece of steamed fish, bread, dried fruit compote;
  • Afternoon tea - crackers with sweet berry jelly, maybe some honey;
  • Dinner - steamed meatballs, rice porridge (or mashed potatoes), steamed vegetables, tea.

If you feel hungry before bed, you can have a cracker, sweet fruit and a glass of kefir.

A well-designed menu for treating pancreatitis will help bring the disease into remission quickly. The diet should be followed for a year after the last exacerbation.