Proper nutrition for diabetes mellitus for every day

What can and cannot be eaten with diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a disease of the endocrine system that is associated with a lack of insulin in the body.

As a result, the level of glucose in the blood rises, which leads to metabolic disorders and gradual damage to almost all functional systems in the human body. The disease is divided into type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Today, nutritional and nutritional problems with diabetes mellitus of any kind are an extremely serious issue that is addressed by every patient after receiving a disease diagnosis.

In general, proper nutrition for diabetes should be followed every day because without a diet, a person's health will deteriorate.

Tips for lowering your blood sugar

Diet is essential for people with all types of diabetes, but dietary guidelines for type I and type II diabetes differ. In the latter case, reducing body weight through food may be the only therapeutic measure.

The type of diabetes mellitus is determined by the endocrinologist treating you.

  1. For type 1 diabetes: Proper nutrition is a necessary background for insulin therapy. If you do not pay attention, all efforts to lower blood sugar will be in vain: this indicator does not stabilize and affects the state of the vessels of all organs and systems.
  2. Type 2 diabetes: Doesn't always need medication. First of all, the patient is recommended a diet that will help reduce weight. With good dynamics in this case, drugs may not be required at all.

General tips for lowering blood sugar:

  1. Reduce your intake of soft drinks, lemonade and juices. Regular consumption of sweetened drinks increases the risk of developing diabetes by around 15%. When drinking tea and coffee, reduce the amount of cream and sweeteners.
  2. Try to choose unsweetened foods like unsweetened iced tea, yogurt, or unsweetened oatmeal. You can sweeten your food as you wish. Most likely, you are adding much less sugar to your food than the manufacturer.
  3. Replace your favorite sweets with healthier foods. Instead of ice cream, mash frozen bananas and use a blender to beat the mixture for a great dessert. Instead of your favorite milk chocolate, it's better to eat a piece of dark chocolate.

It is especially important to follow a diet for mild diabetes, as this is practically the main treatment.

Differences in diet for type 1 and type 2 diabetes

the need to follow a diet for diabetes

Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus require a low-calorie diet (25–30 kcal per 1 kg body weight) that prevents late complications of the disease. In this case, diet is extremely important, it must be strictly observed. The main thing to look for when putting together a diet is the balance of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

Patients with type 2 diabetes are prescribed a subcaloric diet (daily energy value of food 1600–1800 kcal). On such a diet, patients should lose about 300-400 g of body weight per week. If you are very overweight, the daily amount of calories is reduced to 15-17 kcal per 1 kg in accordance with the percentage of overweight.

Basics of nutrition

In each individual case, the doctor prescribes the patient with diabetes mellitus a special diet that must be followed to keep the body in a normal condition.

When you start eating well, follow these simple rules every day:

  1. It is necessary to eat 5-6 times in small portions (every 2-3 hours) during the day.
  2. The ratio of proteins, carbohydrates and fats must be balanced.
  3. The amount of calories ingested from food should correspond to the patient's energy expenditure.
  4. A person should be given proper nutrition: certain types of vegetables and fruits, cereals, meat and fish from the diet, natural juices with no added sugar, dairy products, soups.

The diet of a diabetic should be rich in vitamins, so it is useful to include vitamin carriers in the diet: baker's yeast, brewer's yeast, rose hip broth, SPP, dietary supplements.

Diet rules for diabetes mellitus for every day

The following foods can be consumed with diabetes:

  1. Bread - up to 200 grams per day, mostly black or especially diabetic.
  2. Cooking soups on vegetable broth, the use of weak meat and fish broth is allowed 1-2 times a week.
  3. Meat and poultry dishes. With diabetes mellitus, boiled beef, chicken and rabbit meat can be eaten.
  4. vegetables and herbs. It is recommended to consume potatoes, beets and carrots no more than 200 grams per day. But also other vegetables (cabbage, lettuce, radishes, cucumbers, zucchini, tomatoes) and vegetables (except spicy) can be eaten raw and cooked almost without restrictions and occasionally baked.
  5. Grains, legumes and pasta shouldn't be eaten often. If you decide to have a plate of spaghetti, on that day, refuse bread and other foods and dishes that are high in carbohydrates.
  6. Nutritional characteristics in diabetes mellitus
  7. Eggs must not be eaten more than 2 pieces per day and added to other dishes, boiled, soft-boiled or as an omelette.
  8. Fruits and berries of sour and sweet-sour varieties (Antonovka apples, oranges, lemons, cranberries, red currants. . . ) - up to 200-300 grams per day.
  9. Milk - with the permission of a doctor, kefir, yogurt (only 1-2 glasses per day), cottage cheese (50-200 grams per day) in natural form or in the form of cottage cheese, cheesecake and pudding.
  10. It is recommended to consume cottage cheese daily, up to 100-200 grams per day in natural form or in the form of cottage cheese, cheesecake, pudding and casseroles. Cottage cheese, as well as oatmeal and buckwheat porridge, bran and rose hip improve fat metabolism and normalize liver function, prevent changes in fat in the liver.
  11. Tea with milk, weak coffee, tomato juice, fruit and berry juices (total liquid with soup up to 5 glasses per day).

Plan your menu carefully every day and only use foods that are healthy and necessary for you.

Prohibited products

Diets for patients with diabetes should be thought through. First of all, people diagnosed with this disease should refuse such foods:

  1. Candy, chocolate, confectionery, baked goods, jam, honey, ice cream and other sweets;
  2. Spicy, spicy, salty and smoked snacks and dishes, lamb and pork fat;
  3. pepper, mustard;
  4. Alcoholic beverages;
  5. grapes, bananas, raisins;
  6. Sugar is only permitted in small quantities with the approval of a doctor.

All foods for diabetes should be consumed on a specific schedule. To control blood sugar, the daily menu should contain fiber.

Sample menu for the day

If you're on a type 2 diabetes diet, you can stick to a simple menu that alternates between allowable foods.

Example 1

  1. Breakfast - porridge, egg. Loaf. Coffee.
  2. Snack - natural yoghurt with berries.
  3. Lunch - vegetable soup, chicken breast with salad (beetroot, onion and olive oil) and stewed cabbage. Loaf. Compote.
  4. afternoon snack - low-fat cottage cheese. Tea.
  5. Dinner - hake, baked in sour cream, vegetable salad (cucumber, tomato, herbs or other seasonal vegetables) with vegetable oil. Loaf. Cocoa.
  6. Second dinner (a few hours before bed) - natural yoghurt, baked apple.

Example 2

  1. Breakfast: cottage cheese 150 g, buckwheat or oat flakes 150 g, black bread, unsweetened tea.
  2. Second breakfast: unsweetened compote 250 ml.
  3. Lunch: Chicken broth 250 g, boiled lean meat 75 g, steamed cabbage - 100 g, sugar-free jelly - 100 g, bread, mineral water 250 ml.
  4. afternoon snack - apple 1 pc.
  5. Dinner: steamed vegetables 150 g, meatballs 100 g, cabbage schnitzel - 200 g, bread, unsweetened rosehip broth.
  6. Second dinner: drink yogurt - 250 ml.

Example 3

  1. Breakfast: carrot and apple salad - 100 g low-fat cottage cheese with milk - 150 g bread with bran - 50 g tea without sugar - 1 glass. Second breakfast: mineral water - 1 glass, apple.
  2. Lunch: vegetable soup with soy - 200 g, meat goulash - 150 g, vegetable caviar - 50 g. Rye bread - 50 g. Tea with xylitol - 1 glass.
  3. Afternoon snack: fruit salad - 100 g. Tea without sugar - 1 glass.
  4. Dinner: fish schnitzel - 150 g, millet milk porridge - 150 g. Bread with bran - 50 g of tea without sugar - 1 glass. Second dinner: kefir - 1 glass.

Remember:A diabetic shouldn't be hungry. You should be eating at the same time, but if you feel a slight hunger between main meals, you should definitely steam it with a cup of tea or vegetables. But it should only be a light snack - overeating is dangerous for a diabetic.